Streptomycin Sulphate

Streptomycin sulfate

Streptomycin sulfate is the sulfate form of streptomycin. Streptomycin class antibiotics are produced by the soil-living Actinomyces Streptomyces. Streptomycin is the first emerging drug which has been proven to be an effective chemotherapy drug in treating tuberculosis. This product must be injected intramuscularly which makes it be limited for long-term application. Streptomycin, obtained from Streptomyces, is currently the most effective and also the least toxic antibiotics for application outside the gastrointestinal tract.Streptomycin sulfate is an aminoglycoside sulfate salt. It is functionally related to a streptomycin.

Physical and Chemical Properties

White or white-like powder, odorless, slightly bitter taste, hygroscopic, soluble in water, easily soluble in water and relatively stable, insoluble in ethanol or chloroform, be stable under dry condition, can be sealed from light for more than four years with efficacy unchanged, the aqueous solution can be stored at room temperature pH3~7 for 2 to 4 weeks, in the case of acid, alkali, oxidizing agents, it is easily damaged and lose effect.

Pharmacological effects

Streptomycin sulfate has antibacterial effects on most Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria especially has a strong antibacterial effects on a variety of Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia.coli, Salmonella, Pasteurella, Brucella, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Shigella, gas production Bacillus, Burkholderia pseudomallei. This product is a first-choice for anti-tuberculosis drug which has a relative strong effect on Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It has a strong inhibitory effect at low concentrations and has bactericidal effect at high concentrations. However, due to that only 10% can penetrate cells, so it is ineffective to kill intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis but can only kill extracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It has a stronger bactericidal effect on breeding bacteria than bacteria in stationary phase. Being different from penicillin, its bactericidal rate is proportional to the concentration. Its antibacterial activity is strongest at pH 7.8 but is greatly reduced when pH drop to below 6.0. Agricultural antibiotic streptomycin sulfate belongs to antibiotics-class fungicides which can be used for preventing and treating a variety of bacterial disease for crops; it also has some prevention and treatment effect on some fungal diseases. According to our pesticide toxicity grading standards, streptomycin belong to low toxicity fungicides. For original drug with acute oral administration, rat LD50> 9 000mg /kg body weight. It can cause allergic skin reaction.

Uses

Clinical Uses

This product is effective against Gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria. But it is less effective than penicillin G in treating Gram-positive bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria, and has no effects on Rickettsia, protozoa, viruses and fungi; It has a good effect on treating Mycobacterium tuberculosis and many kinds of gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia.coli, Brucella, gas, influenza bacillus, Shigella, and Yersinia pestis. The main clinical application is used for the treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis induced diseases cuh as tuberculosis, bone tuberculosis, lymphatic, intestinal tuberculosis, tuberculous meningitis and meningitis caused by susceptible strains, pneumonia, sepsis, empyema, pleurisy, peritonitis, etc., It can also be used for treating infection of urinary tract and respiration system caused by susceptible strains.

Air & Water Reactions

Hygroscopic. Water soluble.

Fire Hazard

Flash point data for Streptomycin sulfate are not available, however Streptomycin sulfate is probably combustible.

Brand name

Strycin (Bristol-Myers Squibb).

General Description

An antibacterial. White to light gray or pale buff powder with faint amine-like odor.